Extended Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling in Complex Pediatric Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment.

PURPOSE: To assess the feasibility and investigate the anatomical and functional outcomes of extended internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for complex pediatric rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). METHODS: This was a retrospective interventional case series where children (≤18 years) with RRD and severe PVR (grade C) were included. All eyes underwent PPV with ILM peeling up to 2-disk diameter beyond the vascular arcades. The main outcome measures were assessment of feasibility of ILM peeling in the pediatric RRD and evaluation of the rate of complete retinal reattachment and corrected-distance visual acuity (CDVA) at the final follow-up. RESULTS: A total of 29 eyes (25 patients) were enrolled in this study. ILM peeling performed on these children was not more difficult than in adult eyes. After a mean follow-up of 18 months, the patients achieved final CDVA better than 20/200 in 37.9%. The initial retinal reattachment was 55.2% while the final anatomical success was 86.2%. CONCLUSION: Vitrectomy with ILM peeling is technically feasible in pediatric RRD, limiting epiretinal proliferation and achieving favorable anatomical outcomes in cases of complex pediatric RRD. The long-term effects of ILM peeling need further investigation.

Use of Epimacular Amniotic Membrane Graft in Cases of Recurrent Retinal Detachment Due to Failure of Myopic Macular Hole Closure.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To study the anatomical and functional outcomes of using epimacular amniotic membrane graft (AMG) to close myopic macular holes (MMHs) in patients with recurrent retinal detachment (RD). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fourteen patients with recurrent MMH-RD were enrolled in a single-arm, prospective study. Pars plana vitrectomy with peeling of any residual internal limiting membrane, preserved AMG was placed over the macular hole (MH) after air-fluid exchange, all patient left on 16% of C2F6. RESULTS: Fourteen patients (11 females and three males) with an average age of 58.7 years were included; follow-up was 6 months. Thirteen patients (93%) showed retinal reattachment and closure of the hole confirmed by optical coherent tomography. The mean logMAR of best-corrected visual acuity improved to 1.38 compared to 2.2 preoperatively (P < .002, paired t-test), with no serious intraoperative or postoperative complications. CONCLUSION: Epimacular AMG for MMH-RD is a safe and effective treatment for closure of myopic MHs. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2020;51:101-108.].

Prevalence and Associations of Posterior Segment Manifestations in a Cohort of Egyptian Patients with Pathological Myopia.

Purpose: To determine the prevalence of posterior segment manifestations among consecutive patients with pathological myopia attending our University Hospital general ophthalmology clinic and their association with age, refractive error, axial length and each other. Methods: Patients diagnosed with pathological myopia underwent full ophthalmological examination, optical coherence tomography, fluorescein angiography, and ocular ultrasonography. Manifestations detected were recorded for each eye and their prevalence and association with age, refractive error, axial length and each other was determined. Results: A total of 127 eyes of 77 patients with pathological myopia were examined. The most prevalent manifestation was peripheral retinal lesions, found in 63.8% of examined eyes, followed by tigroid fundus, found in 59.1%. Peripheral lesions were significantly associated with more myopia (P = .02) and longer axial length (P = .046). The commonest peripheral lesion was white without pressure, found in 37.8% of eyes. Lattice degeneration was found in 11.8% and snail track degeneration in 4.7% and was not associated with degree of myopia or axial length. Diffuse chorioretinal atrophy was present in 40.9% of eyes, while patchy atrophy was present in 18.9%. Macular holes were present in 4.7% of eyes and were significantly associated with foveoschisis (P = .035) and retinal detachment (P = .003), while foveoschisis was present in 5.5% and was significantly associated with older age (P = .012), longer axial length (P = .010) and patchy chorioretinal atrophy (P = .024). Retinal detachment was found in 6.3% of eyes and retinal breaks in 4.7%. Posterior staphyloma was detected in 33.1% and lacquer cracks and choroidal neovascular membranes in 6.3% of eyes. Conclusions: The prevalence of pathological myopia manifestations may differ between different populations. This may be due to the multiple genetic and environmental factors involved which may result in a variable natural history of the condition among different populations.

Intravitreal decorin preventing proliferative vitreoretinopathy in perforating injuries: a pilot study.

PURPOSE: To determine the short-term safety of human recombinant decorin protein in preventing proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) in perforating injuries. METHODS: This is a prospective, single-center, open-label, interventional case series. Single intravitreal injection of decorin 200 µg (n = 4) or 400 µg (n = 8) was given 48 h after injury. At the tenth day, pars plana vitrectomy was done whenever indicated. Flash electroretinogram (ERG) was done before and 3 months post-injection. We assessed ocular inflammation, ERG changes, and retinal layer integrity by optical coherence tomography (OCT). Systemic and vitreous pharmacokinetics were also evaluated. RESULTS: Twelve patients (12 eyes) with perforating globe injuries (zone III) were included and followed for a median of 6 months. Intravitreal decorin injection was well tolerated with no ocular or systemic safety adverse events. Decorin retinal safety was demonstrated anatomically by intact retinal layer by OCT, and functionally by flash ERG which did not show any significant worsening during the study and the final mean logMAR best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) which was 1.15 (20/280) and 0.7 (20/100) for groups A and B, respectively, and ≥ 20/200 in 75% of all eyes. Decorin serum and vitreous levels were elevated following trauma, with higher and extended levels following intravitreal injection. CONCLUSIONS: No short-term safety concerns were detected after a single intravitreal injection of decorin in patients with perforating injuries. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02865031.

A novel episcleral macular buckling: wire-strengthened sponge exoplant for recurrent macular hole and retinal detachment in high myopic eyes.

The purpose would be to describe and evaluate a novel technique of episcleral macular buckling in postvitrectomy recurrent macular hole retinal detachment in highly myopic eyes. A 7mm silicone sponge strengthened with a U-shaped 0.5mm orthodontics stainless steel wire fed along its length and hand-bent to produce L-shaped buckle of appropriate shape and length, is used. The episcleral macular buckling has performed on 15 highly myopic eyes (axial length > 30mm) with recurrent macular hole retinal detachment following silicone oil removal. Buckle localization has been performed by manipulating the long arm of the exoplant, under direct internal visualization, scleral marking and suturing. Successful retinal reattachment with improvement in visual acuity achieved in all 15 eyes. Closure of the macular holes was confirmed by Optical Coherence Tomography. The anatomical and functional outcomes of this new technique of macular buckling appears to provide an effective and feasible means of retinal reattachment and hole closure in postvitrectomy recurrent macular hole detachment in highly myopic eyes.